• French
Jean Dominique Ingres (classical ties)
Theodore Gericault
Eugene Delacroix
• German
Runge
Casper David Frienrich
• English
John Copnstable
John Mallard William Turner
• Miscellaneous
Goya (difficult to pin into a true style or period)
An explosion of the Romantic Spirit...
Literature, philosophy, music, in addition to the visual arts...
This is the age of musicians such as: Beethoven, Liszt, Paganini, Chopin, Wagner
STYLISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ROMANTICISM (in general; regions vary)
Common themes in subject matter:
2) Contemporary events (*1st time) - before this time, artists had to rely upon scenes from mythology and / or those pertaining to historical events.
3) Exoticism (scenes, subjects from foreign lands). The "Orient" and lands of foreign to Western Europe became the fascination of the people. The unfamiliarity with customs, peoples, lands, etc. became somewhat of a fascination, obsession, and novelty.
4) Nature - sublime; depictions of nature or creatures of the natural world as powerful and untamed (dominant to humanity). Nature is something to be respected (not an entity we are always able to control).
5) Fear - macabre, awe mixed with terror, violence, and death. All of these were used as elements of excitement in a composition!
6) Various states of mental health
7) Sensuality - Emotional / passionate (feelings, not reason... listen to the heart)
Artistic elements and principles:
8) Movement - dynamic; scenes involving action
9) Application of paint = loose; de-emphasis on line / edges of forms, paint used for paint's sake
10) Textural physical surface
11) Colorful - especially color red (dramatic, violence, passionate)
12) Overall, Romanticism appeals to the individual. These certainly were not intended as moral lessons to the general masses (as found in Neoclassical works).
